Your result
Possible
You are asking about the one place in Brazilian law where a professional record genuinely counts, and it is not an entry route — it is a reduction in the wait for citizenship.
Ordinary naturalisation asks for four years of residence. That falls to one year for someone who is commended by their professional, scientific or artistic capacity, or who has rendered or can render relevant service to Brazil. The statute leaves both to be assessed as the regulation provides, and the assessment is made by the justice ministry, which may consult other public bodies. So it is discretionary, and it is the reason we have not called this likely: the route is real, but whether a given record persuades is not something to predict from outside.
What tends to carry it is Brazilian-facing recognition rather than general eminence — awards, appointments, publications, positions and press within Brazil, or work whose benefit to Brazil can be pointed at. An impressive record with no Brazilian connection is a weaker application than a smaller one that Brazilian institutions have engaged with.
Worth checking first: if you have been resident four years already, the ordinary route needs no assessment of merit at all and is the simpler application. And if you have a Brazilian spouse, partner or child, that gives the same one-year reduction as of right rather than on discretion — much the better ground where it is available.
Tell us how long you have been resident, what your field is, and what recognition you have in Brazil, and we will tell you which ground is strongest for you.