Second Pass

Italy

Italy calls to those with ancestral ties: a place to rediscover your roots and reconnect with a cultural heritage shared by 17 million Americans of Italian descent.

17M

Americans have Italian ancestry.

Pathways to Italian Citizenship

By Descent
  • Parent
  • Grandparent

Special Cases

  • Maternal-line ancestry for children born before January 1, 1948 follows special rules.
  • If a naturalized ancestor became a citizen elsewhere before their child turned 21, the line breaks there.
  • Marriage to an Italian citizen qualifies after two years of legal residence in Italy, or three years of marriage if residing abroad.

Disqualifications

  • Explicit renunciation, or naturalization elsewhere before the child's 21st birthday.
  • Serious criminal offenses or security concerns.
  • Inability to document an unbroken line of descent with official records.
Golden Visa

Italy's investment pathway leads to citizenship after 10 years of residency.

Investment Options

  • €2 million in Italian government bonds.
  • €500,000 in an Italian innovative startup.
  • €1 million in an Italian company.
  • A €1 million donation to a public interest project.

Life as an Italian National

Property in regions like Puglia and Sicily has appreciated 5 to 10% annually, priced around €1,500 to 2,500 per square meter, though central Milan runs closer to €4,500/m² against €1,200/m² in Bari's historic center.

Village homes in restoration programs can start around €70,000, and hill-town apartments from €150,000.

Public healthcare runs about €380 a year in contributions, with private specialist visits around €60 to 80.

Southern regions offer a 7% flat tax rate, and professionals can access a 70% tax exemption.

Benefits of Italian Citizenship

  • An Italian passport offers visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to over 180 countries.
  • Comprehensive healthcare coverage.
  • Local tuition rates at Italian universities.
  • Property ownership without restrictions.
  • The right to work anywhere in Italy without authorization.

Benefits of EU Citizenship

  • Freedom to live, work, study, and retire anywhere within the EU.
  • Healthcare access across the EU through the EHIC system.
  • Voting rights in European Parliament and municipal elections.
  • Business operations across the EU single market.
  • Consular protection from any EU member state.
  • Local tuition rates at universities across the EU.

Next Steps

1

Take the Second Pass eligibility quiz for a personalized assessment.

2

Trace your ancestry through Ancestry.com or FamilySearch.org.

3

Gather birth, marriage, and death certificates.

4

Build a family tree focused on your Italian lineage.